2.2 Another Day, Another Board

As I switched to a new board, I need to check that the code I wrote so far is still working as expected. Unfortunately the user LED on the new board is wired differently than the first one.

Board Schematics

The new board uses PA4 to turn the LED ON when high. Also, by taking off a jumper, PA4 can be used for other purposes.

The first board uses PB1 to turn the LED ON when low as we can see here.

I can adapt the code by adding the base address of GPIOA and shifting pin location accordingly, but this type of variations is so common that I want to make sure adaptations can be done easily without errors.

Board Description

I want to be able to capture the board variations through simple definitions:

#define LED_IOP A
#define LED_PIN 4
#define LED_ON  1

And for the vcc-gnd board:

#define LED_IOP B
#define LED_PIN 1
#define LED_ON  0

Implementation

I make a copy of init.c into board.c and rework the preprocessor macroes.

As we have several GPIO peripheral GPIOA .. GPIOF, I switch notation, instead of writing, say, GPIOA_MODER, I will write either GPIOA[ MODER] or GPIO( A)[ MODER]. This way I could refer directly to GPIO( LED_IOP)[ MODER].

I use conditional compilation based on LED_ON. If LED_ON is high, I need an extra step during initialization compare to LED_ON low. On the other hand, if LED_ON is undefined, the code would be removed for a board that doesn’t have a user LED.

#define SYSTICK             ((volatile long *) 0xE000E010)
#define SYSTICK_CSR         SYSTICK[ 0]
#define SYSTICK_RVR         SYSTICK[ 1]
#define SYSTICK_CVR         SYSTICK[ 2]

#define CAT( a, b) a##b
#define HEXA( a) CAT( 0x, a)
#define RCC                 ((volatile long *) 0x40021000)
#define RCC_AHBENR          RCC[ 5]
#define RCC_AHBENR_IOP( h)  (1 << (17 + HEXA( h) - 0xA))

#define GPIOA               ((volatile long *) 0x48000000)
#define GPIOB               ((volatile long *) 0x48000400)
#define GPIO( x) CAT( GPIO, x)
#define MODER   0
#define ODR     5

/* user LED ON when PA4 is high */
#define LED_IOP A
#define LED_PIN 4
#define LED_ON  1

void SysTick_Handler( void) {
#ifdef LED_ON
    GPIO( LED_IOP)[ ODR] ^= 1 << LED_PIN ;   /* Toggle User LED */
#endif
}

int init( void) {
/* By default SYSCLK == HSI [8MHZ] */

/* SYSTICK */
    SYSTICK_RVR = 1000000 - 1 ;     /* HBA / 8 */
    SYSTICK_CVR = 0 ;
    SYSTICK_CSR = 3 ;               /* HBA / 8, Interrupt ON, Enable */
    /* SysTick_Handler will execute every 1s from now on */

#ifdef LED_ON
/* User LED ON */
    RCC_AHBENR |= RCC_AHBENR_IOP( LED_IOP) ;        /* Enable IOPx periph */
    GPIO( LED_IOP)[ MODER] |= 1 << (LED_PIN * 2) ;  /* LED_IO Output [01],
                                                    ** over default 00 */
    /* OTYPER Push-Pull by default */
    /* Pxn output default LOW at reset */
# if LED_ON
    SysTick_Handler() ;
# endif
#endif
    return 0 ;
}

Build and Test

I just need to add the SRCS definition in Makefile.

SRCS = startup.c board.c success.c

and build.

$ make
f030f4.elf
   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
    224       0       0     224      e0 f030f4.elf
f030f4.hex
f030f4.bin

Once I have flashed the board with this new binary, I put back the BOOT0 jumper and press reset. This board user LED is red. 😎

Checkpoint

I made sure the code I have evolved so far works on the board with the serial connection.

Next I will do some serial transmission.